Use the function w32-send-sys-command. For example,
you can put the following in your .emacs file:
(add-hook 'term-setup-hook
#'(lambda () (w32-send-sys-command ?\xF030)))
To avoid the slightly distracting visual effect of Emacs starting with its default frame size and then growing to fullscreen, you can add an ‘Emacs.Geometry’ entry to the Windows registry settings (see see (emacs)X Resources).
To compute the correct values for width and height, first
maximize the Emacs frame and then evaluate
(frame-height) and (frame-width) with
M-:.